Barriers to Utilization of Family Medicine Services in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study of Patient Perceptions and Systemic Challenges

Abstract

Despite efforts by the Jordanian Ministry of Health to strengthen primary healthcare, the utilization of family medicine services remains suboptimal. This study investigates the barriers hindering the effective use of family medicine clinics in Jordan, focusing on both patient perceptions and systemic challenges. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 adult patients attending public and private healthcare centers across urban (Amman, Irbid) and rural (Karak, Tafileh) areas. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing sociodemographics, awareness, satisfaction, and reasons for bypassing family medicine. Results revealed that only 38.4% of participants consistently used family medicine services. Major barriers included perceived lack of specialization (45.6%), long waiting times (42.1%), and limited diagnostic facilities (39.3%). Utilization was significantly associated with education level, urban residence, and prior positive experiences. The findings highlight a need for public education, resource allocation, and structural reforms to enhance the role of family physicians in Jordan’s healthcare system.