The Use of Satire in George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion to Critique Victorian Society

Abstract

This research paper examines the use of satire in George Bernard Shaw's play, Pygmalion, as a means of critiquing and subverting the class divisions, social hierarchies, and gender roles prevalent in Victorian society. Through a thorough analysis of Shaw's satirical approach, the paper explores the ways in which he challenges traditional notions of superiority based on birth or wealth, as well as the limited roles assigned to women. The paper begins by providing a contextual overview of the Victorian era, highlighting the rigid class structure and societal expectations surrounding gender. It establishes Shaw's role as a playwright and social critic committed to challenging established norms through his works.The research paper delves into a detailed examination of Pygmalion, focusing on the satirical techniques employed by Shaw to expose the flaws and hypocrisies of the class system. It analyzes the characters of Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins, highlighting how their interactions and transformations challenge societal expectations and disrupt gender stereotypes. The paper draws on specific quotes from the play and insights from critics to illuminate Shaw's satirical intent and the impact of his portrayal of gender dynamics. Furthermore, the paper explores the broader implications and significance of Shaw's use of satire in Pygmalion. It discusses the subversion of traditional gender norms, the critique of marriage as the ultimate goal for women, and the emphasis on individual agency and empowerment. The lasting relevance of the play's themes and their resonance in contemporary society are also examined. In conclusion, this research paper contributes to a deeper understanding of Shaw's satirical approach in Pygmalion and its critique of Victorian society. It highlights the ways in which satire challenges and subverts class divisions, social hierarchies, and gender roles, emphasizing the importance of individual agency and empowerment. The paper underscores the enduring relevance of Shaw's work and its ability to provoke critical reflection on societal norms and expectations.