The Role of Enzymatic Activity in Enhancing Athletic Performance: A Biochemical Evaluation of Nutritional Supplement Efficacy in Sport Science

Abstract

Athletic performance is intricately linked to biochemical processes that govern energy metabolism, muscle contraction, and recovery, with enzymatic activity serving as a central determinant of physiological efficiency. Nutritional supplements that target key enzymes such as creatine kinase, ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial oxidases have gained prominence in sport science for their potential to enhance performance outcomes across strength, power, and endurance domains. This position paper critically evaluates the biochemical mechanisms by which these supplements influence enzymatic pathways, synthesizes empirical evidence supporting their efficacy, and examines the ethical, safety, and regulatory considerations associated with their use. Key issues discussed include fair play, athlete autonomy, contamination risks, long-term health effects, and compliance with World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) regulations. The paper argues that, when implemented responsibly under professional supervision and evidence-based protocols, enzyme-targeted nutritional supplementation constitutes a legitimate biochemical strategy for performance optimization. However, responsible use requires careful adherence to ethical principles, safety guidelines, and equitable access to resources. This synthesis provides a comprehensive framework for athletes, sport scientists, and policymakers seeking to integrate biochemical supplementation into contemporary sport practice while safeguarding integrity and athlete welfare.